A review of the criteria for non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis

Introduction: Cardiac transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis is a progressive and fatal infiltrative cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) characterized by congestive cardiac failure, often with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, significant risk of conduction disease. Diagnosis delayed or missed due to poor specificity echocardiography the historical requirement for histological diagnosis, frequently an endomyocardial biopsy.Areas covered: Following detailed literature review focusing on peer reviewed articles (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar), from 1995 2020, alongside international diagnostic guidelines expert opinion in field, this article will explore current non-invasive criteria ATTR-CM including role transthoracic echocardiography, MRI, bone scintigraphy, assessment exclusion clonal dyscrasia.Expert opinion: emerging increasingly diagnosed cause heart particularly elderly. Promising novel therapies make accurate swift diagnosis disease vital. With increasing use MRI investigate repurposing technetium-labeledbone clinicians are now able diagnose without recourse biopsy.